9 Diseases Yorkie Terriers Are Prone To And Their Signs

Yorkshire Terriers, affectionately known as Yorkies, are charming and lively companions. However, like all breeds, they are susceptible to certain health issues. Understanding these potential health concerns can help Yorkie owners provide proactive care and ensure their beloved dogs live long and happy lives.

This comprehensive guide delves into 9 prevalent diseases that Yorkies are prone to, providing detailed insights into their symptoms, causes, and potential treatments. We’ll also explore preventive measures and answer frequently asked questions about Yorkie health.

By gaining knowledge about these common Yorkie diseases, owners can become better advocates for their furry friends, empowering them to provide the best possible care and support.

What is Hypoglycemia in Yorkies?

Hypoglycemia, also known as low blood sugar, is a serious condition that can affect Yorkies, especially puppies and small breeds. When the blood sugar level drops below the normal range, it can lead to various symptoms that require prompt veterinary attention.

Hypoglycemia in Yorkies is often caused by factors such as:

• Inadequate food intake or skipping meals
• Stress or excitement
• Infections
• Liver disease
• Insulinomas (tumors in the pancreas)
• Certain medications

Yorkies with hypoglycemia may exhibit symptoms like:

• Weakness and lethargy
• Shakiness and tremors
• Confusion and disorientation
• Seizures
• Loss of coordination
• Coma

If you suspect your Yorkie is experiencing hypoglycemia, it’s crucial to seek immediate veterinary care. Prompt treatment is essential to prevent complications and ensure the dog’s well-being.

Treatment for hypoglycemia usually involves administering glucose intravenously or orally. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary for close monitoring and further treatment. To prevent hypoglycemia, it’s important to feed your Yorkie regular, balanced meals and avoid skipping meals.

What is Patellar Luxation in Yorkies?

Patellar luxation is a common orthopedic condition in small breed dogs, including Yorkies. It occurs when the kneecap (patella) dislocates or slips out of place. This condition can cause pain, lameness, and difficulty walking.

Patellar luxation is often caused by:

• Genetic predisposition
• Trauma or injury to the knee
• Weak ligaments and tendons
• Developmental abnormalities

The severity of patellar luxation can vary. Some Yorkies may only experience occasional slipping of the kneecap, while others may have persistent luxation that significantly affects their mobility.

Symptoms of patellar luxation include:

• Limping or lameness
• Holding the leg up
• Skipping or hopping
• A clicking or popping sound in the knee
• Pain or discomfort

Treatment for patellar luxation depends on the severity of the condition. In mild cases, conservative management with pain medication and physical therapy may be sufficient. However, for more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to stabilize the kneecap and prevent further dislocations.

What is Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease in Yorkies?

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, also known as avascular necrosis of the femoral head, is a condition that affects the hip joint in young dogs, including Yorkies. It occurs when the blood supply to the head of the femur (thigh bone) is disrupted, leading to bone death and subsequent joint degeneration.

The exact cause of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It is more common in small breed dogs and may be associated with certain breeds, including Yorkshire Terriers.

Symptoms of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease in Yorkies can include:

• Limping or lameness
• Holding the leg up
• Pain or discomfort
• Decreased range of motion in the hip joint
• Muscle atrophy in the affected leg

Diagnosis of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease typically involves physical examination, radiographs, and possibly other imaging tests.

Treatment for Legg-Calve-Perthes disease in Yorkies usually involves surgery. The goal of surgery is to remove the affected head of the femur and replace it with a prosthetic joint or perform a femoral head ostectomy. Post-surgical rehabilitation is essential to promote healing and restore function.

Early detection and prompt veterinary care are crucial to maximizing the chances of a good outcome for Yorkies with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease.

What are the symptoms of Glaucoma in Yorkies?

Glaucoma is a serious eye condition that can affect dogs, including Yorkies. It occurs when the pressure inside the eye (intraocular pressure) becomes elevated, damaging the optic nerve, which connects the eye to the brain.

Glaucoma can be caused by various factors, including:

• Genetics
• Age
• Eye injuries
• Other eye conditions

Early signs of glaucoma in Yorkies may be subtle and include:

• Cloudiness in the eye
• Dilated pupils
• Sensitivity to light
• Squinting
• Excessive tearing
• Rubbing at the eye

As glaucoma progresses, the symptoms may become more severe, leading to:

• Pain and discomfort
• Blindness
• Swelling around the eye
• Loss of vision

Treatment for glaucoma typically involves medications to lower intraocular pressure. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to improve drainage or to implant a shunt to reduce pressure. Regular eye exams are crucial for early detection of glaucoma. Prompt veterinary care can help to manage the condition and preserve vision.

What is Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca in Yorkies?

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, also known as dry eye, is a condition that affects the tear glands, leading to reduced tear production. It is a common condition in Yorkies and other small breed dogs.

Dry eye can be caused by:

• Genetic predisposition
• Age
• Certain medications
• Infections
• Autoimmune diseases

Symptoms of dry eye in Yorkies include:

• Excessive blinking
• Redness and irritation of the eye
• Eye discharge
• Clouding of the cornea
• Ulceration of the cornea

Diagnosis of dry eye usually involves a Schirmer tear test to measure tear production. In some cases, a cytology examination may be performed to rule out other eye conditions.

Treatment for dry eye in Yorkies typically involves artificial tears, eye ointments, and medications to stimulate tear production. In severe cases, surgery may be considered to improve tear drainage.

What is Cataracts in Yorkies?

Cataracts are a clouding of the lens of the eye, which can affect vision. They are a common condition in dogs, including Yorkies.

Cataracts can be caused by:

• Genetics
• Age
• Diabetes
• Eye injuries
• Other eye conditions

Symptoms of cataracts in Yorkies can include:

• Cloudiness in the lens of the eye
• Blurred vision
• Difficulty seeing in low light
• Sensitivity to light
• Collisions with objects

Treatment for cataracts in Yorkies typically involves surgery to remove the affected lens and replace it with an artificial lens. Surgery is usually successful in restoring vision.

What is Brachycephalic Syndrome in Yorkies?

Brachycephalic syndrome is a condition that affects dogs with short, flat faces, such as Yorkies. It is caused by a combination of physical features, including:

• Shortened muzzle
• Narrow nostrils
• Elongated soft palate
• Undershot jaw

These physical features can make it difficult for brachycephalic dogs to breathe, eat, and drink comfortably.

Symptoms of brachycephalic syndrome in Yorkies include:

• Snorting or noisy breathing
• Difficulty breathing, especially during exercise or hot weather
• Snoring
• Excessive drooling
• Gagging or vomiting
• Heat intolerance

Diagnosis of brachycephalic syndrome is typically based on physical examination and observation of symptoms. Treatment may involve:

• Weight management
• Avoidance of strenuous activity and hot weather
• Surgery to correct the underlying physical abnormalities

Prompt veterinary care is essential to manage brachycephalic syndrome and improve the dog’s quality of life. Lifestyle changes, such as weight management and avoiding strenuous activity in hot weather, can help to minimize symptoms.

What are the signs of Canine Distemper in Yorkies?

Canine distemper is a highly contagious viral disease that can affect dogs of all ages, including Yorkies. It is caused by a virus that attacks the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems.

Canine distemper is spread through direct contact with infected dogs, as well as through contaminated objects such as food and water bowls.

Symptoms of canine distemper in Yorkies can include:

• Fever
• Loss of appetite
• Lethargy
• Coughing
• Sneezing
• Runny nose
• Eye discharge
• Diarrhea
• Vomiting
• Seizures
• Paralysis
• Involuntary muscle movements
• Behavioral changes

There is no cure for canine distemper, but treatment can help to manage the symptoms and improve the dog’s comfort. Vaccination is essential to prevent this disease. It is important to keep Yorkies up-to-date on their vaccinations and to avoid contact with sick dogs.

What is the role of nutrition in Yorkie health?

Nutrition plays a vital role in maintaining the overall health and well-being of Yorkies. A balanced diet provides the essential nutrients needed to support growth, development, and disease prevention. It’s crucial to choose a high-quality dog food formulated specifically for small breeds and tailored to the Yorkie’s age and activity level.

Here are some key nutritional considerations for Yorkies:

• Protein: Yorkies require a moderate amount of protein, especially during growth stages. Protein helps build and repair tissues, as well as support muscle development.
• Fat: Healthy fats, such as omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, are essential for skin and coat health, as well as brain function. Choose dog foods with appropriate fat content for the Yorkie’s age and activity level.
• Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates provide energy for Yorkies. Choose dog foods with complex carbohydrates, such as brown rice and barley, rather than simple sugars.
• Vitamins and Minerals: Yorkies need a range of vitamins and minerals for optimal health. Ensure the dog food provides a complete and balanced spectrum of essential nutrients.
• Fiber: Fiber aids digestion and promotes gut health. Choose dog foods with appropriate fiber content.
• Avoidance of certain ingredients: Some ingredients, such as artificial colors and flavors, preservatives, and fillers, may be harmful to Yorkies. Choose dog foods with natural ingredients and avoid those containing these additives.

It’s important to consult with a veterinarian to determine the best dietary plan for your Yorkie, considering their individual needs and health status.

What is the Role of Exercise in Yorkie Health?

Regular exercise is crucial for maintaining the physical and mental health of Yorkies. Exercise helps to keep Yorkies fit, strong, and mentally stimulated.

Here are some key considerations for exercise in Yorkies:

• Moderate exercise: Yorkies are small dogs and do not require strenuous exercise. Moderate activity, such as daily walks, playtime, and indoor games, is sufficient to keep them healthy.
• Avoidance of excessive heat: Yorkies can overheat easily, so avoid strenuous exercise in hot weather. Keep walks short and provide access to shade and water.
• Joint health: Regular exercise helps to maintain joint health and can reduce the risk of developing orthopedic conditions. Choose activities that are low impact and avoid activities that could strain the joints.
• Mental stimulation: Yorkies are intelligent dogs and need mental stimulation as well as physical exercise. Playtime with interactive toys, puzzles, and training can help to keep them engaged and prevent boredom.

It’s important to consult with a veterinarian to determine the appropriate exercise regimen for your Yorkie, considering their age, health status, and activity level.

Table Summary

Disease	Symptoms	Causes	Treatment
Hypoglycemia	Weakness, lethargy, tremors, seizures, loss of coordination, coma	Inadequate food intake, stress, infections, liver disease, insulinomas, medications	Glucose administration, hospitalization, dietary management
Patellar Luxation	Limping, holding the leg up, skipping, hopping, clicking or popping sound in the knee	Genetics, trauma, weak ligaments, developmental abnormalities	Conservative management, surgery
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease	Limping, holding the leg up, pain, decreased range of motion, muscle atrophy	Genetics, environmental factors	Surgery
Glaucoma	Cloudiness in the eye, dilated pupils, sensitivity to light, squinting, excessive tearing, rubbing at the eye	Genetics, age, eye injuries, other eye conditions	Medications, surgery
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (Dry Eye)	Excessive blinking, redness, irritation, eye discharge, clouding of the cornea, ulceration	Genetics, age, medications, infections, autoimmune diseases	Artificial tears, ointments, medications, surgery
Cataracts	Cloudiness in the lens, blurred vision, difficulty seeing in low light, sensitivity to light, collisions	Genetics, age, diabetes, eye injuries, other eye conditions	Surgery
Brachycephalic Syndrome	Snorting, noisy breathing, difficulty breathing, snoring, excessive drooling, gagging, vomiting, heat intolerance	Shortened muzzle, narrow nostrils, elongated soft palate, undershot jaw	Weight management, avoidance of strenuous activity and hot weather, surgery
Canine Distemper	Fever, loss of appetite, lethargy, coughing, sneezing, runny nose, eye discharge, diarrhea, vomiting, seizures, paralysis, involuntary movements, behavioral changes	Contact with infected dogs, contaminated objects	Symptom management, vaccination

Frequently Asked Questions

Here are some frequently asked questions about Yorkie health:

How often should I take my Yorkie to the vet?

It’s recommended to take your Yorkie to the vet for annual checkups, as well as for any signs of illness or injury. Puppies may require more frequent checkups during their first year.

What are some common signs of illness in Yorkies?

Common signs of illness in Yorkies include:

• Loss of appetite
• Lethargy
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Coughing
• Sneezing
• Eye discharge
• Changes in behavior

If you notice any of these signs, it’s important to contact your veterinarian right away.

What are some tips for preventing diseases in Yorkies?

Here are some tips for preventing diseases in Yorkies:

• Keep your Yorkie up-to-date on vaccinations.
• Provide a balanced diet and regular exercise.
• Maintain a clean living environment.
• Avoid contact with sick dogs.
• Schedule regular veterinary checkups.

What are the signs of a Yorkie in pain?

Yorkies may exhibit various signs of pain, including:

• Whining or crying
• Limping or lameness
• Holding the leg up
• Panting or restlessness
• Decreased appetite
• Hiding or aggression
• Changes in posture
• Difficulty getting up or lying down

If you notice any of these signs, it’s important to contact your veterinarian right away.

How can I tell if my Yorkie is stressed?

Signs of stress in Yorkies include:

• Panting or trembling
• Excessive licking or chewing
• Yawning or lip-licking
• Hiding or cowering
• Restlessness or pacing
• Aggression or barking
• Changes in appetite or elimination habits

How do I know if my Yorkie is getting enough exercise?

A Yorkie that is getting enough exercise will typically be energetic and playful, have a healthy weight, and have good muscle tone. If you notice any signs of lethargy, weight gain, or decreased muscle mass, it may be a sign that your Yorkie is not getting enough exercise.

What are some common behavioral issues in Yorkies?

Common behavioral issues in Yorkies include:

• Excessive barking
• Separation anxiety
• Aggression
• Destructive behavior
• Housebreaking problems

These issues can often be addressed through training, behavior modification, and consistency.